| 高温灵敏系数标定影响因素分析 |
| Influence Factor Analysis for High Temperature Gage Factor Calibration |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 高温应变计是高温结构强度测试、疲劳测试和寿命评估的主要测量传感器，其灵敏系数测试的准确性影响高温应变测试中的应变修正数据真实性。对应变计灵敏系数原理进行分析，明确灵敏系数是应变计输出与应变之间的关系，对砝码加载四点式简支梁结构和纯弯矩钢架梁结构灵敏系数测量模型进行分析，确定产生标准应变的影响因素。常温灵敏系数标定的影响因素有试验梁尺寸、试验梁轴向力，实际灵敏系数测试结果表明简支梁灵敏系数略大，分散明显较大。高温下应变计的输出与载荷应变、应变计热输出、试验梁尺寸变化、弹性模量变化和摩擦力变化有关，对热输出消除的方法进行探讨，理论上明确温度下简支梁尺寸变化、弹性模量变化误差高达22%，钢架梁的刚性封闭静态力学平衡系统的温度影响误差较小。利用自研框架式高温裸栅应变计、高温陶瓷胶，进一步用简支梁、钢架梁实际测试灵敏系数随温度变化验证了理论分析的正确性。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| High temperature strain gauge is the main measurement sensor of high temperature structure strength test, fatigue test and life evaluation. The accuracy of gage factor affects the authenticity of strain correction data in high temperature strain test. Based on the analysis of the principle of the gage factor, it is clear that the gage factor is the relationship between the output of the strain gauge and the strain. The influence factors of standard strain were determined through the model analysis that use the four point simply supported beam and pure bending moment steel beam to test gage factor. The influencing factors of gage factor calibration include the test beam size and the axial force of test beam. The test results of practical gage factor show that the factor of simple beam is slightly larger and the dispersion is obviously larger. The output of strain gage at high temperature is related to the load strain, the thermal output of strain gage, the size change of test beam, the change of elastic modulus and the change of friction force. The method of eliminating thermal output is discussed. Theoretically, the dimensional change and elastic modulus change of the simply supported beam at temperature can be caused error as high as 22%. The temperature influence error is very small because the steel beam is the rigid closed static mechanical balance system. Using self-developed free frame high temperature bare grid strain gage and high temperature ceramic adhesive, the theoretical analysis is verified by testing the sensitivity coefficient with the change of temperature, the theoretical analysis is verified by measuring the gage factor change with temperature which use the simply supported beam and steel beam. |
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| 中文关键词: 砝码 简支梁 钢架梁 高温应变计 灵敏系数 应变 误差 |
| 英文关键词:weights simply supported beam steel beam high temperature strain gages gage factor strain error. |
| 基金项目: |
| DOI：10.11823/j.issn.1674-5795.2019.04.11 |
| 引用本文：晏志鹏.高温灵敏系数标定影响因素分析[J].计测技术,2019,39(4):. |
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