| 几何量数字化测量方法与装备的现状及发展趋势 |
| Present Situation and Development Trend of Geometric Digital Measurement Method and Measuring Equipment |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 几何量数字化测量方法与测量装备的发展对制造业影响深远，随着测量任务的多样化与复杂化，对几何量数字化测量方法与测量装备的要求越来越高。本文以现有的典型测量系统为例，根据传感单元工作原理的不同对这些测量系统进行了分类，分别介绍了激光跟踪仪、激光雷达、激光跟踪干涉仪、移动空间坐标测量系统、室内GPS、数字摄影测量系统的数学模型、工作原理、主要参数，并介绍了各测量系统的主要代表性产品、应用领域和目前的局限性。以此为基础，结合测量装备的自动化、数字化和智能化发展现状和当前现场环境下的复杂测量任务需求，提出了测量参量由单一参数测量向多参数测量发展、测量对象由单点测量向点云测量发展、测量方式由静态测量向动态测量发展、测量方案由单测量系统独立完成向多测量系统协同解决方向发展四项发展趋势.并顺应发展趋势提出相应的参考解决方案，为制造业领域中几何量数字化测量方法与测量装备的选择提供借鉴。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Geometric digital measuring method has had a profound impact on the development of measuring equipment for manufacturing, as the measurement task are diverse and complicated, the demand for geometric digital measuring method and measuring equipment is higher and higher. This paper, taking a type of the key existing measurement system as an example, classifies the measuring systems according to the working principle of the sensor unit and respectively introduces the laser tracker, laser radar, laser tracking interferometer, mobile space coordinate measuring system, GPS and digital photogrammetry system, as well as the mathematical model of each typical measuring equipment, working principle, main parameters, the main representative products, application fields and current limitations of each measurement system. Combining with the current situation developing the automatic, digital and intelligent measuring equipment and the current requirement of complex environment for the on-site measurement task, the paper has summarized the following trends: the measurement parameters has developed from a single to the multiple, the measured object has developed from single point to the point cloud, the measurement way has progressed from static to dynamic measurement and the measurement scheme on how to solve the measurement task has advanced to be independently done by a single measurement system toward to be collaboratively completed by more measurement systems. It provides reference for the selection of geometric digital measurement methods and measuring equipment. |
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| 中文关键词: 测量与测量装备 数字化 智能化 统一测量方案 |
| 英文关键词:measurement method and measurement system digital intelligent measurement scheme |
| 基金项目: |
| DOI：10.11823/j.issn.1674-5795.2021.02.03 |
| 引用本文：何学军.几何量数字化测量方法与装备的现状及发展趋势[J].计测技术,2021,(2):. |
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