| 双向量子时间同步研究进展 |
| Research Progress on Two-Way Quantum Time Synchronization |
| 投稿时间：2024-12-19 修订日期：2025-01-23 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 量子时间同步是量子技术与时间频率技术相融合的交叉前沿技术。利用频率纠缠双光子源的内禀非定域时间关联,双向量子时间同步不仅将现有时间同步精度提高1-2个量级；同时兼具内在安全性,为大幅提升授时精度、保障授时安全性提供新一代变革性技术。本文重点介绍了中国科学院国家授时中心在双向量子时间同步研究方面取得的进展团队,包括建立双向量子时间同步准确度评估模型,国际上首个报道10飞秒级超高精度量子时间同步实验演示；先后成功在2公里自由空间-光纤混合链路、百公里实地光纤链路和250km超长距离光纤链路上实现亚皮秒级时间传递演示,展示在大损耗、强噪声环境条件下的高精度同步应用潜力；并实验验证了量子时间传递系统的安全性优势。成果标志着长距离光纤量子安全时间传递取得重要进展,同时也为构建大规模量子网络提供了一种兼容性极高的时间同步方案。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Quantum time synchronization is an interdisciplinary frontier technology that combines quantum technology with time frequency transfer technology. By utilizing the intrinsic nonlocal time correlations of frequency-anticorrelated entangled (or energy-time entangled) photon pairs, the two-way quantum time synchronization not only improves the existing time synchronization precision by at least one order of magnitude but also provides security to the synchronization system. Therefore, quantum time synchronization has been regarded as the new-generation time synchronization technology for enhancing both the synchronization precision and security. This paper focuses on the research progress made by the team in National Time Service Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in the research of two-way quantum time synchronization. Based on this scheme, the 10-femtosecond-level-precision time synchronization has been reported, showcasing the high-precision advantages and application potential of quantum time synchronization. Later on, we successfully demonstrated sub-picosecond-level time transfer over both a hundred-kilometer urban fiber link and a 250-kilometer laboratory direct-fiber link, illustrating the application potential for quantum time synchronization in practical scenarios involved high loss and strong noise. Additionally, we experimentally verified the security advantages of the quantum time transfer system. These results mark significant progress in high-precision and secure quantum time synchronization over long-distance fiber-optic links and provide a highly compatible time synchronization scheme for large-scale quantum networks. |
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| 中文关键词: 频率纠缠双光子源 双向量子时间同步 高精度 安全 |
| 英文关键词:frequency-anticorrelated entangled photon pairs quantum time synchronization high-precision secure |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金(批准号：12033007、61875205、12103058、61801458)、中国科学院前沿科学重点研究项目(批准号：QYZDB-SW-SLH007)、中国科学院青年创新促进会项目(2021408,2022413) |
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