| 高通量高重频单光子激光雷达及其波形校正方法 |
| High⁃flux and high⁃repetition⁃rate single⁃photon LiDAR and its waveform correction method |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为了实现单光子激光雷达（Light Detection and Ranging， LiDAR）的快速高精度探测，设计了一种高通量高重频单光子LiDAR系统，并提出了一种适用于该系统的波形校正方法。该系统通过提高光子计数率，显著减少了单像素采集时间；同时，利用波形校正方法有效解决了在高通量高重频条件下，因单光子探测器死区时间导致的多周期耦合和波形畸变问题，从而有效提升了系统对目标信号强度和深度的反演精度。系统采用近红外波段自由运行单光子探测器（死区时间1 200 ns），激光重复频率为3 MHz，单像素采集时间为1 ms。仿真和实验结果表明：该方法的距离反演精度可达4.9 mm，信号通量反演精度为0.16个光子。在三维成像实验中，采用50 × 50的点对点扫描方式，成像平面拟合精度达到8 mm，能够实现近距离小型无人机（Unmanned Aerial Vehicle， UAV）的高精度三维成像。为单光子LiDAR在目标探测和资源测绘等快速成像领域的应用提供了新的技术手段。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To achieve fast and high?accuracy detection with single?photon light detection and ranging（LiDAR), this paper designs a high?flux and high?repetition?rate single?photon LiDAR system and proposes a waveform correction method tailored for this system. By increasing the photon counting rate, the system significantly reduces the single?pixel acquisition time. Meanwhile, the waveform correction method effectively addresses the issues of waveform distortion caused by the dead time of single?photon detectors under high?flux and high?repetition?rate conditions, thereby enhancing the inversion accuracy of target signal strength and depth. The system employs a free?running single?photon detector in the near?infrared band with a dead time of 1 200 ns and a laser repetition rate of 3 MHz, and the single?pixel acquisition time is set to 1 ms. Simulation and experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves a distance inversion accuracy of 4.9 mm and a photon flux inversion accuracy of 0.16 photons. In the 3D imaging experiment, using a 50 × 50 point?to?point scanning pattern, the imaging plane fitting accuracy reaches 8 mm, enabling high?precision 3D imaging of small UAVs at close range. This study provides a new technical approach for the application of single?photon LiDAR in fast imaging fields such as target detection and resource mapping. |
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| 中文关键词: 激光雷达 单光子探测 三维成像 高通量 高重频 行走误差 |
| 英文关键词:LiDAR single⁃photon detection 3D imaging high⁃flux high⁃repetition⁃rate walk error |
| 基金项目: |
| DOI：10.11823/j.issn.1674-5795.2025.03.02 |
| 引用本文：吕林杰, 李端, 米庆改, 杨扬, 张磊, 武腾飞, 徐立军.高通量高重频单光子激光雷达及其波形校正方法[J].计测技术,2025,45(3):28~36. |
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